Scorpion stings in Buenos Aires, Argentina: epidemiological and clinical aspects

Introduction. In Argentina scorpion stings are the leading cause of venom-related injury to human. Since the beginning of the 20th century Tityus trivittatus is found in Buenos Aires. Scorpion envenomation is a neurotoxic syndrome with local symptoms and systemic manifestations. It could develop cardiac failure, acute pulmonary edema, shock and death. Fortunately, most of the scorpion stings in adult people in Buenos Aires are mild envenomations. Method. A retrospective, descriptive and cross sectional study based on data collected from medical records of patients followed between 1982 and 2013. Results. We compiled a total of 141 human scorpion stings and 115 arthropod captures: 88 T. trivittatus, 10 Bothriurus bonariensis and 17 missed data. The accidents occurred more frequently in the eastern and oldest neighborhoods of the city. Eighteen patients had mild systemic manifestation. There was not any death. Twelve patients received scorpion antivenom. Conclusion. Although recently there was a severe case in 5 years old boy and in some provinces in Argentina death have been reported, most of the envenomations are mild. We observed inadequate treatment in some patients; it is important training on the correct management and prevention of this envenomation.